Home  ›  what topics did james fenimore cooper write about in his novels? what was he able to accomplish?

what topics did james fenimore cooper write about in his novels? what was he able to accomplish?

Written By Monday, April 4, 2022 Add Comment Edit

American writer (1789–1851)

James Fenimore Cooper
Photograph by Mathew Brady, 1850

Photograph by Mathew Brady, 1850
Born (1789-09-15)September 15, 1789
Burlington, New Jersey
Died September 14, 1851(1851-09-14) (anile 61)
Cooperstown, New York
Occupation Author
Genre Historical fiction
Literary motion Romanticism
Notable works The Terminal of the Mohicans

James Fenimore Cooper
Fidelity United States of America
Branch United States Navy
Years of service 1808–1810
Rank Midshipman

James Fenimore Cooper (September 15, 1789 – September 14, 1851) was an American author of the first half of the 19th century. His historical romances depicting colonist and Indigenous characters from the 17th to the 19th centuries created a unique form of American literature. He lived much of his adolescence and the concluding fifteen years of life in Cooperstown, New York, which was founded past his male parent William Cooper on belongings that he owned. Cooper became a member of the Episcopal Church building presently earlier his death and contributed generously to it.[1] He attended Yale University for iii years, where he was a member of the Linonian Lodge.[ii]

After a stint on a commercial voyage, Cooper served in the U.Due south. Navy every bit a midshipman, where he learned the technology of managing sailing vessels which greatly influenced many of his novels and other writings. The novel that launched his career was The Spy, a tale about espionage set during the American Revolutionary War and published in 1821.[iii] He besides created American sea stories. His best-known works are five historical novels of the frontier menstruum, written between 1823 and 1841, known equally the Leatherstocking Tales, which introduced the iconic American frontier scout, Natty Bumppo. Cooper's works on the U.S. Navy have been well received amongst naval historians, but they were sometimes criticized by his contemporaries. Among his more famous works is the romantic novel The Last of the Mohicans, often regarded equally his masterpiece.[4] Throughout his career, he published numerous social, political, and historical works of fiction and not-fiction with the objective of countering European prejudices and nurturing an original American fine art and culture.

Early life and family [edit]

James Fenimore Cooper was born in Burlington, New Bailiwick of jersey, in 1789 to William Cooper and Elizabeth (Fenimore) Cooper, the eleventh of 12 children, half of whom died during infancy or babyhood.

Shortly after James' showtime birthday, his family moved to Cooperstown, New York, a customs founded past his begetter on a big slice of land which he had bought for development. Later, his father was elected to the U.s.a. Congress as a representative from Otsego Canton. Their town was in a primal surface area of New York along the headwaters of the Susquehanna River that had previously been patented to Colonel George Croghan by the Province of New York in 1769. Croghan mortgaged the land earlier the Revolution and after the war office of the tract was sold at public auction to William Cooper and his business partner Andrew Craig.[5] By 1788, William Cooper had selected and surveyed the site where Cooperstown would be established. He erected a dwelling house on the shore of Otsego Lake and moved his family there in the autumn of 1790. Several years later he began construction of the mansion that became known as Otsego Hall, completed in 1799 when James was 10.[6]

Cooper was enrolled at Yale University at age thirteen, but he incited a dangerous prank which involved blowing up another student'south door—after having already locked a donkey in a recitation room.[vii] He was expelled in his third twelvemonth without completing his degree, and so he obtained work in 1806 as a sailor and joined the crew of a merchant vessel at age 17.[ii] [8] By 1811, he obtained the rank of midshipman in the fledgling United States Navy, conferred upon him by an officer's warrant signed past Thomas Jefferson.[4] [9]

William Cooper died when James was 20; all 5 of his sons inherited a supposed-large fortune in money, securities, and land titles, which soon proved to exist a wealth of endless litigation. He married Susan Augusta de Lancey at Mamaroneck, Westchester County, New York on January 1, 1811, at age 21.[10] She was from a wealthy family unit who remained loyal to Great Britain during the Revolution. The Coopers had seven children, five of whom lived to adulthood. Their girl Susan Fenimore Cooper was a writer on nature, female suffrage, and other topics. Her begetter edited her works and secured publishers for them.[11] One son, Paul Fenimore Cooper, became a lawyer and perpetuated the author's lineage to the present.

Service in the Navy [edit]

In 1806 at the age of 17, Cooper joined the coiffure of the merchant transport Sterling equally a common sailor. At the time, the Sterling was allowable by young John Johnston from Maine. Cooper served every bit a mutual seaman earlier the mast. His first voyage took some 40 stormy days at sea and brought him to an English market in Cowes where they sought data on where best to unload their cargo of flour. At that place Cooper saw his starting time glimpses of England. Britain was in the midst of war with Napoleon'southward French republic at the time, then their ship was immediately approached by a British man-of-state of war and was boarded by some of its crew. They seized one of the Sterling's best coiffure members and impressed him into the British Imperial Navy.[12] [xiii] [note one] Cooper thus kickoff encountered the ability of his country's former colonial master, which led to a lifelong commitment to helping create an American fine art independent culturally as well as politically from the former mother country.

Their side by side voyage took them to the Mediterranean along the coast of Spain, including Águilas and Cabo de Gata, where they picked up cargo to exist taken to London and unloaded. Their stay in Spain lasted several weeks and impressed the immature crewman, the accounts of which Cooper later referred to in his Mercedes of Castile, a novel near Columbus.[fifteen]

After serving aboard the Sterling for 11 months, he joined the The states Navy on January 1, 1808, when he received his committee as a midshipman. Cooper had conducted himself well as a crewman, and his father, a erstwhile U.S. Congressman, easily secured a commission for him through his long-standing connections with politicians and naval officials.[sixteen] [17] The warrant for Cooper's commission as midshipman was signed past President Jefferson and mailed by Naval Secretary Robert Smith, reaching Cooper on February nineteen. On February 24, he received orders to report to the naval commander at New York Urban center.[note 2] Joining the United States Navy fulfilled an aspiration he had had since his youth.[eighteen]

Cooper's first naval assignment came on March 21, 1808, aboard the USSVesuvius, an 82-foot flop ketch that carried twelve guns and a thirteen-inch mortar.[19] For his side by side assignment, he served under Lieutenant Melancthon Taylor Woolsey near Oswego on Lake Ontario, overseeing the edifice of the brig USSOneida for service on the lake. The vessel was intended for use in a war with Cracking Great britain which had withal to begin.[20] The vessel was completed, armed with sixteen guns, and launched in Lake Ontario in the leap of 1809. It was in this service that Cooper learned shipbuilding, shipyard duties and frontier life. During his leisure fourth dimension, Cooper would venture through the forests of New York country and explore the shores of Lake Ontario. He occasionally ventured into the K Islands. His experiences in the Oswego area afterward inspired some of his work, including his novel The Pathfinder.[21] [note 3]

After completion of the Oneida in 1809, Cooper accompanied Woolsey to Niagara Falls, who then was ordered to Lake Champlain to serve aboard a gunboat until the winter months when the lake froze over. Cooper himself returned from Oswego to Cooperstown and then New York. On November 13 of the same twelvemonth, he was assigned to the USSWasp under the command of Captain James Lawrence, who was from Burlington and became a personal friend of Cooper'southward. Aboard this ship, he met his lifelong friend William Branford Shubrick, who was also a midshipman at the time. Cooper subsequently dedicated The Airplane pilot, The Blood-red Rover, and other writings to Shubrick.[23] [24] Assigned to humdrum recruiting tasks rather than exciting voyages, Cooper resigned his commission from the navy in bound 1810; in the same time menstruum he met, wooed, and became engaged to Susan Augusta de Lancey, whom be married on January 1, 1811.

Writings [edit]

First endeavors [edit]

In 1820, when reading a contemporary novel to his wife Susan, he decided to attempt his paw at fiction, resulting in a neophyte novel ready in England he called Precaution (1820). Its focus on morals and manners was influenced by Jane Austen's approach to fiction. He anonymously published Precaution which received modestly favorable notice in the U.s. and England.[25] By contrast, his second novel The Spy (1821) was inspired by an American tale related to him by neighbor and family friend John Jay. It became the starting time novel written by an American to become a bestseller at home and abroad, requiring several re-printings to satisfy need. Set in the "Neutral Ground" between British and American forces and their guerrilla allies in Westchester County, New York, the action centers effectually spying and skirmishing taking place in and around what is widely believed to exist John Jay's family unit home "The Locusts" in Rye, New York of which a portion still exists today as the historic Jay Estate.[26]

Following on a dandy of popularity, Cooper published The Pioneers, the first of the Leatherstocking series in 1823. The series features the inter-racial friendship of Natty Bumppo, a resourceful American woodsman who is at home with the Delaware Indians and their chief Chingachgook. Bumppo was also the master graphic symbol of Cooper'southward most famous novel The Terminal of the Mohicans (1826), written in New York Metropolis where Cooper and his family lived from 1822 to 1826. The volume became one of the more widely read American novels of the 19th century.[27] At this time, Cooper had been living in New York on Beach Street in what is now downtown's Tribeca.

In 1823, he became a member of the American Philosophical Club in Philadelphia. In Baronial of that same year, his first son died.[28] He organized the influential Bread and Cheese Club that brought together American writers, editors, artists, scholars, educators, art patrons, merchants, lawyers, politicians, and others.[29]

In 1824, General Lafayette arrived from France aboard the Cadmus at Castle Garden in New York Urban center as the nation's guest. Cooper witnessed his arrival and was one of the active commission of welcome and entertainment.[30] [31]

Europe [edit]

In 1826, Cooper moved his family to Europe,[32] where he sought to gain more income from his books, provide meliorate education for his children, improve his wellness, and observe European manners and politics immediate. While overseas, he connected to write. His books published in Paris include The Prairie, the tertiary Leather-Stocking Tale in which Natty Bumppo dies in the western country newly acquired by Jefferson every bit the Louisiana Purchase. There he also published The Red Rover and The Water Witch, two of his many body of water stories. During his time in Paris, the Cooper family became active in the modest American departer community. He became friends with painter (and later inventor) Samuel Morse and with French full general and American Revolutionary War hero Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette.[33] [34] Cooper admired the patrician liberalism of Lafayette, who sought to recruit him to his causes, and eulogized him as a man who "defended youth, person, and fortune, to the principles of liberty."[35]

Cooper'south distaste for the corruption of the European aristocracy, especially in England and French republic, grew as he observed them manipulate the legislature and judiciary to the exclusion of other classes.[36] In 1832, he entered the lists every bit a political author in a series of messages to Le National, a Parisian journal. He defended the United States against a cord of charges brought by the Revue Britannique. For the rest of his life, he continued skirmishing in print, sometimes for the national interest, sometimes for that of the private, and ofttimes for both at once.[ commendation needed ]

This opportunity to make a political confession of religion reflected the political plow that he already had taken in his fiction, having attacked European anti-republicanism in The Bravo (1831). Cooper continued this political course in The Heidenmauer (1832) and The Headsman: or the Abbaye of Vigneron (1833). The Bravo depicted Venice as a place where a ruthless oligarchy lurks backside the mask of the "serene commonwealth". All were widely read on both sides of the Atlantic, though some Americans accused Cooper of apparently abandoning American life for European—not realizing that the political subterfuges in the European novels were cautions directed at his American audiences. Thus The Bravo was roughly treated by some critics in the U.s..[37]

Back to America [edit]

In 1833, Cooper returned to the United States and published A Letter to My Countrymen in which he gave his criticism of various social and political mores. Promotional material from a modern publisher summarize his goals as follows:

A Alphabetic character To My Countrymen remains Cooper's almost trenchant piece of work of social criticism. In it, he defines the role of the "man of letters" in a commonwealth, the truthful conservative, the slavery of party affiliations, and the nature of the legislative branch of government. He also offers her most persuasive argument on why America should develop its own fine art and literary culture, ignoring the aristocratically tainted art of Europe.[39]

Influenced by the ideals of classical republicanism, Cooper feared that the orgy of speculation he witnessed was destructive of civic virtue and warned Americans that it was a "mistake to suppose commerce favorable to liberty"; doing so would pb to a new "moneyed aristocracy."[xl] Drawing upon philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Burlamaqui, and Montesquieu, Cooper'due south political ideas were both autonomous, deriving from the consent of the governed, and liberal, concerned with the rights of the individual.[40]

In the later 1830s—despite his repudiation of authorship in A Letter To My Countrymen—he published Gleanings in Europe, five volumes of social and political analysis of his observations and experiences in Europe. His 2 novels Homeward Bound and Home every bit Found likewise criticize the flamboyant financial speculation and toadyism he found on his return; some readers and critics attacked the works for presenting a highly idealized self-portrait, which he vigorously denied.

In June 1834, Cooper decided to reopen his ancestral mansion Otsego Hall at Cooperstown. It had long been airtight and falling into disuse; he had been absent-minded from the mansion nearly 16 years. Repairs were begun, and the firm was put in guild. At commencement, he wintered in New York Metropolis and summered in Cooperstown, just eventually he made Otsego Hall his permanent habitation.[41]

On May 10, 1839, Cooper published History of the Navy of the United States of America, a work that he had long planned on writing. He publicly announced his intentions to author such a historical piece of work while away before departing for Europe in May 1826, during a parting speech at a dinner given in his honor:

Encouraged past your kindness, ... I will accept this opportunity of recording the deeds and sufferings of a course of men to which this nation owes a debt of gratitude—a class of men among whom, I am always ready to declare, not only the earliest, merely many of the happiest days of my youth have been passed.[42]

Historical and nautical work [edit]

His historical account of the U.S. Navy was well received, though his account of the roles played by the American leaders in the Battle of Lake Erie led to years of disputes with their descendants, every bit noted below. Cooper had begun thinking about this massive project in 1824, and concentrated on its research in the late 1830s. His close association with the U.South. Navy and various officers, and his familiarity with naval life at ocean provided him the background and connections to enquiry and write this work. Cooper's work is said to have stood the exam of time and is considered an authoritative account of the U.South. Navy during that time.[43]

In 1844, Cooper's Proceedings of the naval court martial in the case of Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, a commander in the navy of the United States, &c:, was beginning published in Graham's Magazine of 1843–44. Information technology was a review of the court martial of Alexander Slidell Mackenzie who had hanged iii crew members of the brig USS Somers for mutiny while at sea. One of the hanged men, 19-year-erstwhile Philip Spencer, was the son of U.S. Secretary of State of war John C. Spencer. He was executed without courtroom-martial along with two other sailors aboard the Somers for allegedly attempting mutiny. Prior to this affair, Cooper and Mackenzie had disputed each other's version of the Battle of Lake Erie. However, recognizing the demand for absolute discipline in a warship at ocean, Cooper still felt sympathetic to Mackenzie over his awaiting court martial.[44] [45]

In 1843, an erstwhile shipmate, Ned Myers, re-entered Cooper's life. To assist him—and hopefully to cash in on the popularity of maritime biographies—Cooper wrote Myers'due south story which he published in 1843 every bit Ned Myers, or a Life earlier the Mast, an business relationship of a mutual seaman still of involvement to naval historians.

In 1846, Cooper published Lives of Distinguished American Naval Officers covering the biographies of William Bainbridge, Richard Somers, John Shaw, John T. Shubrick, and Edward Preble.[46] [47] Cooper died in 1851.[48] In May 1853, Cooper's Quondam Ironsides appeared in Putnam'due south Monthly. Information technology was the history of the Navy ship USSConstitution and, after European and American Scenery Compared, 1852, was one of several posthumous publication of his writings.[49] In 1856, five years after Cooper's death, his History of the Navy of the United states of America was re-published in an expanded edition. The piece of work was an account of the U.Southward. Navy in the early 19th century, through the Mexican State of war.[43] [l] Amid naval historians of today, the work has come to be recognized as a general and authoritative account. Nonetheless, it was criticized for accuracy on some points by some contemporaries, especially those engaged in the disputes over the roles of their relatives in Cooper's split up history of the Battle of Lake Erie. Whig editors of the menses regularly attacked anything Cooper wrote, leading him to numerous suits for libel, for case against Park Benjamin, Sr., a poet and editor of the Evening Bespeak of New York.[51]

Disquisitional reaction [edit]

Cooper'southward writings of the 1830s related to current politics and social issues, coupled with his perceived self-promotion, increased the ill feeling between the author and some of the public. Criticism in impress of his naval histories and the two Abode novels came largely from newspapers supporting The Whig party, reflecting the animosity between the Whigs and their opposition, the Democrats, whose policies Cooper often favored. Cooper's begetter William had been a staunch Federalist, a party now defunct but some of whose policies supporting large-scale commercialism the Whigs endorsed. Cooper himself had come up to adore Thomas Jefferson, the bete-noire of the Federalists, and had supported Andrew Jackson's opposition to a National Bank. Never ane to shrink from defending his personal laurels and his sense of where the nation was erring, Cooper filed legal actions for libel against several Whig editors; his success with about of his lawsuits ironically led to more negative publicity from the Whig establishment.

Buoyed by his frequent victories in court, Cooper returned to writing with more energy and success than he had had for several years. As noted in a higher place, on May 10, 1839, he published his History of the U.S. Navy;[43] his return to the Leatherstocking Tales series with The Pathfinder, or The Inland Ocean (1840) and The Deerslayer (1841) brought him renewed favorable reviews. But on occasion he returned to addressing public bug, most notably with a trilogy of novels called the Littlepage Manuscripts addressing the issues of the anti-rent wars. Public sentiment largely favored the anti-renters, and Cooper's reviews again were largely negative.

Later life [edit]

Faced with competition from younger writers and magazine serialization, and lower prices for books resulting from new technologies, Cooper simply wrote more in his last decade than in either of the previous 2. Half of his thirty-ii novels were written in the 1840s. They may be grouped into three categories: Indian romances, maritime fiction, and political and social controversy—though the categories oft overlap.

The 1840s began with the last 2 novels featuring Natty Bumppo, both disquisitional and reader successes: The Pathfinder (1840) and The Deerslayer (1841). Wyandotte, his last novel gear up in the Revolutionary War, followed in 1843 and Oak Openings in 1848. The nautical works were Mercedes of Castile (in which Columbus appears, 1840),The 2 Admirals (British and French fleets in battle, 1842), Wing-And-Wing (a French privateer fighting the British in 1799, 1842), Afloat and Ashore (two volumes exploring a young human being growing up, 1844), Jack Tier (a fell smuggler in the Mexican-American State of war, 1848), and The Body of water Lions (rival sealers in the Antarctic, 1849).

He also turned from pure fiction to the combination of art and controversy in which he achieved notoriety in the novels of the previous decade. His Littlepage Manuscripts trilogy--Satanstoe (1845), The Chainbearer (1845), and The Redskins (1846)--dramatized issues of country ownership in response to renters in the 1840s opposing the long leases common in the old Dutch settlements in the Hudson Valley. He tried his paw with serialization with The Autobiography of a Pocket Handkerchief, first published in Graham'due south Magazine in 1843, a satire on contemporary nouveau riche. In The Crater, or Vulcan's Peak (1847) he introduced supernatural machinery to show the decline of an ideal guild in the Due south Seas when demagogues prevail. The Ways of the Hour, his last completed novel, portrayed a mysterious and independent young woman defending herself against criminal charges.[52]

Cooper spent the last years of his life dorsum in Cooperstown. He died on September 14, 1851, the twenty-four hour period before his 62nd altogether. He was cached in the Christ Episcopal Churchyard, where his father, William Cooper, was cached. Cooper'south married woman Susan survived her husband only by a few months and was buried past his side at Cooperstown.

Several well-known writers, politicians, and other public figures honored Cooper's memory with a memorial in New York, half dozen months after his death, in February 1852. Daniel Webster gave a speech to the gathering while Washington Irving served equally a co-chairman, along with William Cullen Bryant, who also gave an address which did much to restore Cooper's damaged reputation amidst American writers of the time.[53] [54]

Religious activities [edit]

Cooper's begetter was a lapsed Quaker; probably influenced past his wife's family, the DeLanceys, Cooper in his fiction often favorably depicted clergy of the Episcopal Church building, though Calvinist ministers came in for their share of both admiring and critical treatment. In the 1840s as Cooper increasingly despaired over the United States maintaining the vision and promise of the Constitution, his fiction increasingly turned to religious themes. In The Wing-And-Wing, 1842, the hero, a French revolutionary free-thinker, loses the Italian girl he loves because he cannot have her simple Christianity. In contrast, in the 1849 The Sea Lions the hero wins his dear only later on a spiritual transformation while marooned in the Antarctic. And the 1848 The Oak Openings features a pious Parson Amen who wins the admiration of the Indians who kill him, praying for them during torture.

After establishing permanent residence in Cooperstown, Cooper became active in Christ Episcopal Church, taking on the roles of warden and vestryman. Equally the vestryman, he donated generously to this church building and later on supervised and redesigned its interior with oak furnishings at his ain expense. He was also energetic as a representative from Cooperstown to various regional conventions of the Episcopal church. But just several months before his death, in July 1851, was he confirmed in this church by his brother-in-law, the Reverend William H. DeLancey.[55] [56] [57]

Legacy [edit]

Cooper was one of the more pop 19th-century American authors, and his piece of work was admired greatly throughout the world.[58] While on his expiry bed, the Austrian composer Franz Schubert wanted most to read more than of Cooper'southward novels.[59] Honoré de Balzac, the French novelist and playwright, admired him greatly.[threescore] Henry David Thoreau, while attending Harvard, incorporated some of Cooper's way in his ain work.[61] D.H. Lawrence believed that Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Maupassant, and Flaubert were all "so very obvious and fibroid, as well the lovely, mature and sensitive fine art of Fennimore Cooper." Lawrence called The Deerslayer "ane of the most cute and perfect books in the world: flawless as a precious stone and of jewel-like concentration."[62]

Cooper's work, particularly The Pioneers and The Airplane pilot, demonstrate an early 19th-century American preoccupation with alternating prudence and negligence in a country where property rights were often however in dispute.[63]

Cooper was one of the early major American novelists to include African, African-American and Native American characters in his works. In item, Native Americans play key roles in his Leatherstocking Tales. However, his treatment of this grouping is complex and highlights the relationship betwixt frontier settlers and American Indians every bit exemplified in The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish, depicting a captured white daughter who marries an Indian main and has a baby with him, but after several years is eventually returned to her parents.[64] Often, he gives contrasting views of Native characters to emphasize their potential for good, or conversely, their proclivity for mayhem. Last of the Mohicans includes both the graphic symbol of Magua, who fearing the extinction of his race at the hands of the whites savagely betrays them, besides equally Chingachgook, the last chief of the Mohicans, who is portrayed as Natty Bumppo's noble, courageous, and heroic counterpart.[65]

In 1831, Cooper was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Honorary Academician.

Co-ordinate to Tad Szulc, Cooper was a devotee of Poland's causes (uprisings to regain Shine sovereignty). He organized a club in Paris to back up the rebels, and brought flags of the defeated Polish rebel regiment from Warsaw to present them to the exiled leaders in Paris. With his friend the Marquis de La Fayette, he supported liberals during the authorities changes in France and elsewhere in the 1830s. .[66]

Though some scholars have hesitated to classify Cooper as a strict Romantic, Victor Hugo pronounced him greatest novelist of the century outside France.[threescore] Honoré de Balzac, while mocking a few of Cooper's novels ("rhapsodies") and expressing reservations about his portrayal of characters, enthusiastically called The Pathfinder a masterpiece and professed bang-up admiration for Cooper's portrayal of nature, only equalled in his view by Walter Scott.[67] Mark Twain, the ultimate Realist, criticized the Romantic plots and overwrought language of The Deerslayer and The Pathfinder in his satirical but shrewdly observant essay, "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses" (1895).[68]

Cooper was besides criticized heavily in his mean solar day for his depiction of women characters in his work. James Russell Lowell, Cooper'due south contemporary and a critic, referred to it poetically in A Fable for Critics, writing, "... the women he draws from one model don't vary / All sappy as maples and flat every bit a prairie."[69]

Cooper's lasting reputation today rests largely upon the five Leatherstocking Tales. In his 1960 report focusing on romantic relationships, both hetero- and homo-sexual, literary scholar Leslie Fiedler opines that with the exception of the v Natty Bumppo-Chingachgook novels, Cooper'due south "collected works are monumental in their cumulative dullness."[70] More recent criticism views all thirty-two novels in the context of Cooper's responding to changing political, social, and economic realities in his time period.

Cooper was honored on a U.South. commemorative stamp, the Famous American series, issued in 1940

Cooper was honored on a U.S. commemorative stamp, the Famous American series, issued in 1940.

Three dining halls at the State University of New York at Oswego are named in Cooper's remembrance (Cooper Hall, The Pathfinder, and Littlepage) because of his temporary residence in Oswego and for setting some of his works at that place.[71]

Cooper Park in Michigan'southward Comstock Township is named subsequently him.[72]

The New Jersey Turnpike has a James Fenimore Cooper service area, recognizing his birth in the state.

The gold and red tole chandelier hanging in the library of the White Business firm in Washington DC is from the family unit of James Fenimore Cooper.[73] It was brought at that place through the efforts of Outset Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in her dandy White Business firm restoration. The James Fenimore Cooper Memorial Prize at New York University is awarded annually to an outstanding undergraduate educatee of journalism.[74]

In 2013, Cooper was inducted into the New York Writers Hall of Fame.

Cooper's novels were very popular in the residuum of the world, including, for instance, Russia. In item, great interest of the Russian public in Cooper's piece of work was primarily incited by the novel The Pathfinder, which the renowned Russian literary critic Vissarion Belinsky alleged to exist "a Shakespearean drama in the grade of a novel".[75] The author was more than recognizable by his middle proper noun, Fenimore, exotic to many in Russia. This name became a symbol of exciting adventures among Russian readers. For example, in the 1977 Soviet picture show The Hole-and-corner of Fenimore (Russian: Тайна Фенимора), being the tertiary office of a children'due south tv mini-serial Three Cheerful Shifts (Russian: Три весёлые смены, meet Tri vesyolye smeny (1977) at IMDb), tells of a mysterious stranger known as Fenimore, visiting a boys' dorm in a summer camp nightly and relating fascinating stories about Indians and extraterrestrials.

Works [edit]

Engagement Title: Subtitle Genre Topic, Location, Menses
1820 Precaution [76] novel England, 1813–1814 Upper-class romances
1821 The Spy: A Tale of the Neutral Basis [77] novel Westchester County, New York, 1780 Conflicts and espionage between military and guerilla forces in Revolutionary State of war
1823 The Pioneers: or The Sources of the Susquehanna [78] novel Leatherstocking, Otsego County, New York, 1793–1794, A "Descriptive Tale" of early Cooperstown
1823 Tales for Xv: or Imagination and Heart [79] short stories moralistic tales written under the pseudonym: Jane Morgan
1824 The Pilot: A Tale of the Body of water [80] novel John Paul Jones, England, 1780. The American Revolution at ocean
1825 Lionel Lincoln: or The Leaguer of Boston novel [], Boston, 1775–1781 Conflicts between Patriots and Loyalists leading to Bunker Hill
1826 The Final of the Mohicans: A narrative of 1757 [81] novel Leatherstocking, French and Indian State of war, Lake George & Adirondacks, 1757
1827 The Prairie [82] novel Leatherstocking, American Midwest, 1805—The Louisiana Purchase
1828 The Blood-red Rover: A Tale [83] novel Newport, Rhode Isle & Atlantic Ocean, pirates, 1759
1828 Notions of the Americans: Picked up by a Travelling Bachelor not-fiction Cooper's response to Lafayette's request to present Americas favorably to Europeans
1829 The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish: A Tale [84] novel Western Connecticut, Puritans and Indians, 1660–1676, King Philip's War
1830 The Water-Witch: or the Skimmer of the Seas [85] novel New York, smugglers, 1713
1830 Letter to Full general Lafayette politics France vs. U.s., cost of authorities
1831 The Bravo: A Tale [86] novel Venice, 18th century. Corruption of the Venetian Commonwealth past oligarchs
1832 The Heidenmauer: or, The Benedictines, A Legend of the Rhine novel German Rhineland, 16th century, The Protestant reformation and greed
1832 No Steamboats short story allegory satirizing European misconceptions nearly America which Cooper first wrote in French
1833 The Headsman: The Abbaye des Vignerons [87] novel Geneva, Switzerland, & Alps, 18th century
1834 A Letter to His Countrymen politics Why Cooper temporarily stopped writing
1835 The Monikins [88] novel Antarctica, aristocratic monkeys, 1830s; a satire on British and American politics.
1836 The Eclipse [89] memoir Solar eclipse in Cooperstown, New York Cooper'south reaction to a criminal whose execution was stayed, 1806
1836 An Execution at Body of water [90] short story execution of a murderer on a send. Cooper's authorship is questionable.
1836 Gleanings in Europe: Switzerland (Sketches of Switzerland) travel Hiking in Switzerland, 1828. All v Gleanings books total of social and political commentary.
1836 Gleanings in Europe: The Rhine (Sketches of Switzerland, Part Second) travel Travels France, Rhineland & Switzerland, 1832
1836 A Residence in France: With an Excursion Up the Rhine, and a Second Visit to Switzerland [91] travel
1837 Gleanings in Europe: France travel Living, travelling in France, 1826–1828; author's interest in the political upheavals of the period
1837 Gleanings in Europe: England travel Travels in England, 1826, 1828, 1833; dislike of English language aristocracy
1838 Gleanings in Europe: Italy travel Living, travelling in Italian republic, 1828–1830
1838 The American Democrat: or Hints on the Social and Borough Relations of the U.s.a. of America non-fiction US club and government
1838 The Chronicles of Cooperstown history Local history of Cooperstown, New York
1838 Homeward Bound: or The Chase: A Tale of the Sea [92] novel Atlantic Bounding main & Due north African coast, 1835. The Effingham family unit, descendants of Oliver Effingham of The Pioneers, return abode from Europe
1838 Dwelling house as Found: Sequel to Homeward Leap [93] novel Eve Effingham and her family encounter a social earth new to them in New York Urban center & Templeton/Cooperstown, New York, 1835
1839 The History of the Navy of the Us history U.Due south. naval history to appointment
1839 One-time Ironsides [94] history History of the Frigate USS Constitution, 1st pub. 1853
1840 The Pathfinder, or The Inland Sea [95] novel Leatherstocking, Western New York, 1759. Middle-aged Natty Bumppo falls in love
1840 Mercedes of Castile: or, The Voyage to Cathay novel Christopher Columbus in Due west Indies, 1490s
1841 The Deerslayer: or The Showtime Warpath novel Leatherstocking, Otsego Lake 1740–1745. Natty Bumppo as a youth
1842 The Ii Admirals novel England & English Channel, Scottish uprising, 1745
1842 The Wing-and-Wing; Or,le Feu-Follet [96] (Jack o Lantern) novel Italian coast, Napoleonic Wars, 1799
1843 Autobiography of a Pocket-Handkerchief,[97] as well published as
  • Le Mouchoir: An Autobiographical Romance
  • The French Governess: or The Embroidered Handkerchief
  • Die franzosischer Erzieheren: oder das gestickte Taschentuch
novelette Social satire on the nouveau riche, French republic & New York, 1830s
1843 Richard Dale biography
1843 Wyandotté: or The Hutted Knoll. A Tale [98] novel Butternut Valley of Otsego County, New York, Indian romance, 1763–1776
1843 Ned Myers: or Life before the Mast [99] biography of Cooper's shipmate who survived an 1813 sinking of a US sloop of war in a storm
1844 Afloat and Ashore: or The Adventures of Miles Wallingford. A Sea Tale [100] novel Ulster County & worldwide, 1795–1805
1844 Miles Wallingford: Sequel to Afloat and Ashore [101]
British title: Lucy Hardinge: A Second Serial of Afloat and Aground (1844)[102] 		novel Ulster County & worldwide, 1795–1805
1844 Proceedings of the Naval Court-Martial in the Case of Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, &c. Non-fiction Detailed legal assessment of Mackenzie'southward execution of alleged mutineers
1845 Satanstoe: or The Littlepage Manuscripts, a Tale of the Colony [103] novel New York City, Westchester County, Albany, Adirondacks, 1758. Prequel to the "anti-rent wars"
1845 The Chainbearer; or, The Littlepage Manuscripts novel Westchester Canton, Adirondacks, 1780s. Side by side Littlepage generation tries to settle in their lands later the Revolutionary War
1846 The Redskins; or, Indian and Injin: Beingness the Conclusion of the Littlepage Manuscripts novel Anti-rent wars, Adirondacks, 1845. The "anti-rent" war total blown
1846 Lives of Distinguished American Naval Officers biography
1847 The Crater; or, Vulcan'due south Peak: A Tale of the Pacific [104] (Marker'south Reef) novel Philadelphia, Bristol (PA), & deserted Pacific island, early 19th century Utopia destroyed by political strife
1848 Jack Tier: or the Florida Reefs [105]
a.k.a. Captain Spike: or The Islets of the Gulf 		novel Florida Keys, Mexican State of war, 1846
1848 The Oak Openings: or the Bee-Hunter [106] novel Kalamazoo River, Michigan, War of 1812
1849 The Sea Lions: The Lost Sealers [107] novel Long Island & Antarctica, 1819–1820. Heavy emphasis on organized religion.
1850 The Ways of the Hour novel "Dukes Canton, New York", murder/court mystery novel, legal corruption, women's rights, 1846
1850 Upside Down: or Philosophy in Petticoats play satirization of socialism
1851 The Lake Gun [108] brusk story Seneca Lake in New York, political satire based on folklore
1851 New York: or The Towns of Manhattan [109] history Unfinished, history of New York City, 1st pub. 1864

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ At this time, the British naval practise was common of seizing American sailors, accusing them of desertion, and impressing them into the British navy. Information technology is largely what led to the War of 1812.[14]
  2. ^ Accounts vary: Phillips, 1913, p. 53 puts the date at January 12.[sixteen]
  3. ^ Records of the regime or Section of Navy provide niggling information regarding his movements and activities in the Navy. Knowledge of Cooper's life comes primarily from what he divulged in his published works, notes, and messages of that period.[22]

References [edit]

  1. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 6–7
  2. ^ a b Lounsbury, 1883, pp. 7–8
  3. ^ Clary, Suzanne, "James Fenimore Cooper and Spies in Rye", My Rye, 2010
  4. ^ a b Unhurt, 1896, p. 657
  5. ^ Alan Taylor, "From Fathers to Friends of the People: Political Personas in the Early Republic," Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Winter, 1991), pp. 465–491 [475]
  6. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 2
  7. ^ McCullough p. seventy
  8. ^ J.F. Cooper Biography
  9. ^ Franklin, 2007, p. 101
  10. ^ Clymer, 1900, p. xii
  11. ^ "Susan Fenimore Cooper". Retrieved November 21, 2011.
  12. ^ Clymer, 1900, p. xi
  13. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 43–44
  14. ^ Roosevelt, 1883 pp. ane–3
  15. ^ Franklin, 2007, p. 89
  16. ^ a b Phillips, 1913, p. 53
  17. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 216
  18. ^ Franklin, 2007, pp. 101–102
  19. ^ Franklin, 2007, pp. 110–111
  20. ^ Clymer, 1900, p. 12
  21. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 54–55
  22. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 11
  23. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 216
  24. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 12
  25. ^ Harpers New Monthly Magazine – The Haunted Lake (1 ed.). Harper and Brothers. 1872. pp. 20–30.
  26. ^ Hicks, Paul,"The Spymaster and the Writer," The Rye Tape, December vii, 2014. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 22, 2015. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: archived re-create every bit championship (link)
  27. ^ Last of the Mohicans. In: Martin J. Manning (ed.), Clarence R. Wyatt (ed.): Encyclopedia of Media and Propaganda in Wartime America. Book I.. ABC-CLIO, 2011, ISBN 978-1598842289, pp. 75–76
  28. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 99
  29. ^ "Bread and Cheese Order | American intellectual group".
  30. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 114
  31. ^ Franklin, 2007, p. 314
  32. ^ Excursion in Italian republic. 1838.
  33. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 239
  34. ^ McCullough, 2011
  35. ^ McWilliams, John P. (1972). Political Justice in a Republic: James Fenimore Cooper's America . University of California Press. p. 41& 147. ISBN9780520021754.
  36. ^ McWilliams, John P. (1972). Political Justice in a Commonwealth: James Fenimore Cooper's America . University of California Press. p. 148. ISBN9780520021754.
  37. ^ James Fenimore Cooper, The Bravo, Land University at Oneonta.
  38. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 272
  39. ^ JF Cooper. The American Democrat and Other Political Writings, Edited by John Willson, Regnery Publishing.
  40. ^ a b Diggins, John Patrick (1984). The Lost Soul of American Politics: Virtue, Self-Involvement, and the Foundations of Liberalism. University of Chicago Press. pp. 180−190.
  41. ^ Clymer, 1900, pp. xi–xv
  42. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 200
  43. ^ a b c Phillips, 1913, p. 277
  44. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 305–306
  45. ^ Clymer, 1900, pp. 110–111
  46. ^ Cooper, 1846, 436 pages
  47. ^ Phillips, 1913, p. 308
  48. ^ "TimesMachine: September 18, 1851". The New York Times. September 18, 1851. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  49. ^ Cooper, James Fenimore. "Sometime Ironsides". James Fenimore Cooper Society. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  50. ^ Cooper, 1856 508 pages
  51. ^ Clymer, 1900, pp. 94, 107
  52. ^ Book of James Fenimore Cooper. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  53. ^ Jones, Brian Jay. Washington Irving: An American Original. New York: Arcade Publishing, 2008: 391. ISBN 978-ane-55970-836-4.
  54. ^ Hale, 1896, p. 658
  55. ^ Lounsbury, 1883, p. 23
  56. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 340–341
  57. ^ Run across Fowler, 'Modernistic English Usage,' Mencken 'The American Language.' 'Crockford's Clerical Directory,' or 1969 ed. 'American Heritage Lexicon' for the correct utilise of the describing word "reverend." Information technology is to exist used exactly equally the adjective "honorable" is used. One would not phone call Judge John Smith "the Honorable Smith."
  58. ^ Ross, Ernest C. Books Abroad, vol. 1, no. 3, 1927, pp. 78–79.(JSTOR)
  59. ^ Alphabetic character from Schubert to Franz von Schober, November 12, 1828
  60. ^ a b Phillips, 1913, p. 350
  61. ^ Franklin, 2007, p. xxix
  62. ^ Ellis, Dave (1998). D.H. Lawrence: Dying Game 1922–1930. Cambridge University Press. p. 66. ISBN978-0521254212.
  63. ^ Nan Goodman, Shifting the Arraign: Literature, Constabulary, and the Theory of Accidents in Nineteenth-Century America. Princeton UP 1998
  64. ^ Phillips, 1913, pp. 189–190
  65. ^ Clymer, 1900, pp. 43–44
  66. ^ Szulc, 1998, p. 86
  67. ^ Gozlan, Léon (1856). Balzac en pantoufles (in French). Paris: M. Lévy frères. p. 73.
  68. ^ "Fenimore Cooper'south Literary Offences". Etext.virginia.edu. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  69. ^ Porte, Joel. The Romance in America: Studies in Cooper, Poe, Hawthorne, Melville, and James. Middletown, CN: Wesleyan University Printing, 1969: 20.
  70. ^ Fiedler, Leslie. Beloved and Death in the American Novel. Dalkey Archive Press, 2008 (reprint): 180. ISBN 978-i-56478-163-5
  71. ^ "SUNY Oswego – Penfield Library: Who Were Our Buildings?". Oswego.edu. October ane, 1966. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  72. ^ "Comstock Township Parks". comstockmi.gov. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  73. ^ "Library". whitehousemuseum.
  74. ^ [1] Archived June 10, 2010, at the Wayback Motorcar
  75. ^ Vissarion Belinsky (1841). Разделение поэзии на роды и виды [The Division of Poetry into Genera and Species] (text) . Retrieved Feb 28, 2014. (In English: Cooper is here deep interpreter of the man centre, a peachy painter of the world of the soul, similar Shakespeare. Definitely and clearly he uttered the unspeakable, reconciled and merged together internal and external—and his "The Pathfinder" is a Shakespearean drama in the grade of the novel, the only creature in this manner, having cypher equal with him, the triumph of modernistic fine art in the ballsy verse.)
  76. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (December 1, 2003). Precaution. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  77. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (February i, 2006). The Spy. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  78. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (August one, 2000). The Pioneers. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  79. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Baronial 1, 2000). Tales for 15, or, Imagination and Heart. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  80. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (April 1, 2005). The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  81. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (February 5, 2006). The Last of the Mohicans; A narrative of 1757. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  82. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (September 1, 2004). The Prairie. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  83. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (March ane, 2004). The Red Rover. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  84. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (September 1, 2005). The Wept of Wish-Ton-Wish. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  85. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (May 1, 2004). The Water-Witch or, the Skimmer of the Seas. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  86. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Dec i, 2003). The Bravo. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  87. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (February 1, 2004). The Headsman. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  88. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (May 1, 2003). The Monikins. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  89. ^ "The Eclipse". Etext.lib.virginia.edu. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  90. ^ Thomas Philbrick (1961). James Fenimore Cooper and the Development of American Body of water Fiction . Harvard Academy Press.
  91. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (July 22, 2004). A Residence in France. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  92. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (February 1, 2006). Homeward Bound; Or, the Chase. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  93. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Nov 1, 2003). Home every bit Found. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  94. ^ "Old Ironsides". External.oneonta.edu. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  95. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (September ane, 1999). Pathfinder; or, the inland sea. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  96. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Apr 1, 2004). The Wing-and-Wing. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  97. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (September 1, 2000). Autobiography of a Pocket-Handkerchief. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  98. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (December i, 2003). Wyandotté, or, The Hutted Knoll. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  99. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Jan 1, 2006). Ned Myers, or, a Life Before the Mast. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  100. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (August 1, 2005). Adrift and Ashore: A Sea Tale. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  101. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (Feb 1, 2004). Miles Wallingford. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  102. ^ James Fenimore Cooper (1844). Lucy Hardinge: a 2d ser. of Afloat and ashore, by the writer of 'The airplane pilot' . R. Bentley.
  103. ^ Satanstoe; Or, the Littlepage Manuscripts. A Tale of the Colony by Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. September 1, 2005. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  104. ^ The Crater past James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. March 1, 2004. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  105. ^ Jack Tier past James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. December one, 2003. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  106. ^ Oak Openings by James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. July 1, 2003. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  107. ^ The Sea Lions past James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. December one, 2003. Retrieved Dec 24, 2012.
  108. ^ The Lake Gun by James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. September ane, 2000. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  109. ^ New York by James Fenimore Cooper – Project Gutenberg. Gutenberg.org. January 1, 2001. Retrieved December 24, 2012.

Bibliography [edit]

Excursions in Italy, 1838

  • "Biography of James Fenimore Cooper (1789–1851)". American Studies at the University of Virginia. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved September eight, 2010.
  • Clymer, William Branford Shubrick (1900). James Fenimore Cooper. Small, Maynard & Company, Boston. p. 149.
  • Franklin, Wayne (2007). James Fenimore Cooper: The Early Years . Yale Academy Printing. p. 708. ISBN978-0-300-10805-vii. ; James Fenimore Cooper: The Subsequently Years, Yale University Press, 2017. p. 805 ISBN 978-0-300-13571-eight.
  • Hale, Edward Everett (1896). Illustrious Americans, Their Lives and Dandy Achievements. Philadelphia and Chicago: International Publishing Company, Philadelphia and Chicago, Entered 1896, by W.East. Scull, in the function of the Librarian of Congress, Washington, DC. ISBN978-1162227023.
  • Lounsbury, Thomas R. (1883). James Fenimore Cooper. Houghton, Mifflin and Visitor, Boston. p. 149.
  • McCullough, David (2011). The Greater Journeying: Americans in Paris. Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-ane-4165-7176-six.
  • O'Daniel, Therman B. (1947). "Cooper'due south Handling of the Negro". Phylon. 8 (2): 164–176. doi:ten.2307/271724. JSTOR 271724.
  • Phillips, Mary Elizabeth (1913). James Fenimore Cooper. John Lane Company, New York, London. p. 368.
  • Roosevelt, Theodore (1883). The naval war of 1812.
    G.P. Putnam's sons, New York. p. 541.
  • Wright, Wayne W. (1983). Hugh C. MacDougal (ed.). "The Cooper Genealogy". New York Country Historical Association.

Main sources [edit]

  • Cooper, James Fenimore (1846). Lives of distinguished American naval officers.
    Carey and Hart, Philadelphia. p. 436. OCLC 620356.     Url1
  • ——— (1853). Onetime Ironsides. Yard.P. Putnam. p. 49. Url
  • ——— (1856). History of the navy of the United States of America.
    Stringer & Townsend, New York. p. 508. ISBN9780665446399. OCLC 197401914.     Url
  • ——— (1852). The Chainbearer, Or The Littlepage Manuscripts, Stringer and Townsend, 228 pages; eBook

Further reading [edit]

  • Clavel, Marcel (1938). Fenimore Cooper and his critics: American, British and French criticisms of the novelist's early work, Imprimerie universitaire de Provence, E. Fourcine, 418 pages; Book
  • Darnell, Donald. (1993). James Fenimore Cooper: Novelist of Manners, Newark, Univ. of Delaware
  • Dekker, George (2017). James Fenimore Cooper the Novelist, Routledge, 2017, ISBN 9781351580014
  • Doolen, Andy (2005). Avoiding Empire: Locating Early American Imperialism, Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota P.
  • Franklin, Wayne (1982). The New World of James Fenimore Cooper, Chicago: Univ. of Chicago P, Book
  • –—— (2007). James Fenimore Cooper: The Early Years, New Oasis: Yale Up, Book
  • Krauthammer, Anna. The Representation of the Savage in James Fenimore Cooper and Herman Melville. NY: Peter Lang, 2008.
  • Long, Robert Emmet (1990). James Fenimore Cooper, NY: Continuum. OCLC 20296972, ISBN 978-0826404312
  • MacDougall, Hugh C. (1993). Where Was James? A James Fenimore Cooper Chronology from 1789–1851. Cooperstown: James Fenimore Cooper Soc.
  • Rans, Geoffrey (1991). Cooper's Leather-Stocking Novels: A Secular Reading. Chapel Loma: Univ. of Due north Carolina
  • Redekop, Ernest H., ed. (1989). James Fenimore Cooper, 1789–1989: Bicentennial Essays, Canadian Review of American Studies, entire special event, vol. 20, no. 3 (Wintertime 1989), pp. ane–164. ISSN 0007-7720
  • Reid, Margaret (2004). Cultural Secrets as Narrative Form: Storytelling in Nineteenth-Century America. Columbus: Ohio Country Upwardly
  • Ringe, Donald A. (1988). James Fenimore Cooper. Boston: Twayne.
  • Romero, Lora (1997). Home Fronts: Domesticity and Its Critics in the Antebellum U.s.. Durham: Duke Upwardly
  • Smith, Lindsey C. (2008). Indians, Environs, and Identity on the Borders of American Literature: From Faulkner and Morrison to Walker and Silko. NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Valtiala, Nalle (1998). James Fenimore Cooper'south Landscapes in the Leather-Stocking Serial and Other Forest Tales (Ph.D. thesis). Suomalaisen tiedeakatemian toimituksia: Humaniora, 300. Helsinki: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters. ISBN951-41-0860-4. ISSN 1239-6982.
  • Verhoeven, Westward.Thou. (1993). James Fenimore Cooper: New Historical and Literary Contexts. Rodopi publishers. ISBN 978-9051833607. Book Google.

External links [edit]

  • Works by James Fenimore Cooper in eBook form at Standard Ebooks
  • Works by James Fenimore Cooper at Project Gutenberg
  • Works by or near James Fenimore Cooper at Internet Archive
  • Works by James Fenimore Cooper at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
  • James Fenimore Cooper at Open up Library
  • James Fenimore Cooper Guild Homepage
  • James Fenimore Cooper at IMDb
  • Finding Assistance for the James Fenimore Cooper Collection of Papers, 1825–1904, New York Public Library
  • James Fenimore Cooper Messages and Manuscript Fragments. Available online though Lehigh Academy's I Remain: A Digital Archive of Letters, Manuscripts, and Ephemera
  • "Writings of James Fenimore Cooper" from C-Bridge'southward American Writers: A Journeying Through History
  • "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses", an essay past Marking Twain
  • James Fenimore Cooper Collection. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

sancheznamintaid.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper

0 Response to "what topics did james fenimore cooper write about in his novels? what was he able to accomplish?"

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel